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LLM

Large Language Model tutorials focusing on local inference, model quantization, context window optimization, and structured JSON tool calling. Build reliable LLM applications with deterministic outputs, custom system prompts, and high-throughput inference servers.

Migrating from OpenAI Assistants API to LangGraph in Python: Cutting Enterprise AI Costs by 80%

During the initial generative AI wave, many enterprise engineering teams in the US and UK built conversational workflows and internal…

Human-in-the-Loop AI Agents: Implementing Approval Breakpoints in LangGraph

Fully autonomous AI agents are powerful, but deploying them in production without safety boundaries is dangerous. An autonomous agent equipped…

Fixing Ollama Connection Refused (HTTP 11434) in Python and Docker

When calling a local Ollama instance from Python scripts, AI agents, or Docker containers, you may encounter:…

Fixing CUDA Out of Memory (OOM) When Serving DeepSeek-R1 with vLLM

When deploying DeepSeek-R1 (such as DeepSeek-R1-Distill-Qwen-14B or 32B) using vLLM, encountering a sudden torch.cuda.OutOfMemoryError: CUDA out of memory during startup…

Quantizing and Running DeepSeek-R1 with Ollama, llama.cpp, and GGUF in Python

The release of DeepSeek-R1 has transformed open-source artificial intelligence. By matching or exceeding OpenAI o1 on complex reasoning, mathematics, and…

Handling Tool Calling Errors, Retries, and Fallbacks in Autonomous AI Agents with Python

In autonomous artificial intelligence systems, Large Language Models (LLMs) do not operate in a vacuum. To perform real-world work, agents…

Connecting Claude & AI Agents to Custom Local MCP Tools in Python

The release of the open-source Model Context Protocol (MCP) by Anthropic has fundamentally solved the fragmented landscape of AI tool…

Building an Autonomous Research Agent with Python and DuckDuckGo / Tavily Search API

When building enterprise Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems in 2026, relying purely on dense vector embeddings (like OpenAI text-embedding-3 or BGE)…

Local LLM Tool Calling with Ollama and Python: Step-by-Step Implementation

Running Large Language Models locally has evolved from basic chat interfaces into sophisticated autonomous systems capable of executing deterministic software…

LangGraph StateGraph Tutorial: Building Multi-Agent Workflows in Python

While simple sequential chains (like those in early LangChain) work for basic question-answering, production AI applications require loops, conditional branching,…